Total views 11. Daily Scrum (think “daily update meeting”) is the pulse of the framework. My worst run-in with Scrum and an overzealous Scrum master was at a company full of external consultants, and this consultant Scrum master of one of the consultancy companies decided to take 20 developers into a 6-hour-long retrospective. In Scrum, every project is broken into time blocks called sprints, usually two to four weeks long. PDCA cycle for continuous improvement. When using the Scrum framework, the Retrospective is the final event in a Sprint. Doc Preview. The Facilitator doesn’t stand in front of the group and lecture like a traditional Project Manager and he is an unbiased member of the learning process. Team Backlog. Central to Large Scale Scrum is systems thinking. The role of the SM is to teach and coach the Developers to run it autonomously. As anyone who has ever worked on a software development project knows, scrum is an essential part of the process. If Sprint planning is 8 hour time boxed event,but needs 6 hours to finish the planning,in that case the event should end. The first value in the Agile Manifesto is “Individuals and interactions over processes and tools. The main agile scrum artifacts are product backlog, sprint backlog, and increments. They are at the heart of the Scrum framework, and are intended to help your team and stakeholders stay connected. Summary: Agile scrum artifacts are information that a scrum team and stakeholders use to detail the product being developed, actions to produce it, and the actions performed during the project. A backlog grooming meeting is one of the 5 agile meetings or scrum ceremonies. Let’s take a look at 4 agile ceremonies that support teams in effective agile software development. These are my 14 Product Backlog principles for successful Scrum teams: Product Goals drive outcomes: The Product Backlog reflects the Scrum team’s Product Goal. Only the sprint review ceremony includes business stakeholders, adding a unique feedback perspective. The full Scrum team – that is the product owner, scrum master and the developers – all attend sprint planning. 1. While doing the daily scrum ceremony, the true spirit of the ceremony should be?. Daily Stand-up Meeting. To guarantee all items are ready to move to the next sprint, a backlog grooming (or a backlog refinement) meeting needs organizing. The company already is "paying" for the first-order overhead of Scrum and then another round of second-order overhead to track it, to ultimately transfer it to the. Some of them come from scrum, but can be applied to lean or kanban agile teams as well. This requires specialized teams capable of self-management, communication and decision-making. Agile Coach: helps the employees to adopt Agile principles and practices. ; Burn-down chart: Displays the work that remains in the backlog over a timeline. The roles in Scrum are quite different from the traditional software methods. With Motion, Scrum teams can easily plan, track, and manage sprints, backlogs, and daily activities. The name comes from the sport of rugby, where scrum is a formation where everyone plays a specific role, but everyone is. Yes, the grooming of the backlog is that additional one ceremony. The event should end as soon as the objective of the event is reached or if the time expires. Many agile teams, however, have transitioned to story points. A Scrum Master enables close cooperation across all roles and functions to address resource issues and scrum practices disobedience. Teamwork and meetings. Structure: The Developers decide how they want to run it. 1. These estimations are based on the. Scrum and Kanban are implementations of that philosophy. An agile ceremony (also known as a Scrum ceremony) is a way to obtain quick feedback on a development project, which, in turn, improves both the final product itself and the overall culture within Agile teams. Development Team: uses their combined skillsets to create the product. Scrum combines four formal events for inspection and adaptation within a containing event, the Sprint. These may increase productivity, value, creativity, and satisfaction with the results. As you can see, my teams’ two week sprints start on a Monday afternoon, and finish on a Monday morning two weeks later (so they span 3 separate calendar weeks in reality). They provide regular opportunities for enacting the Scrum pillars of Inspection, Adaptation and Transparency. However, some of them are usually asked as it helps the hiring manager understand your knowledge for the position. This is deliberate and we’ll get to why in a bit. 3. Sprints are at the very heart of scrum and agile methodologies, and getting sprints right will help your agile team ship better software with fewer headaches. Scrum ceremonies are also where team members hold themselves accountable for their contributions to the project. It may seem like an obvious tip, but many teams decide to SKIP the retrospective! Don’t do it (!), because the Retrospective is an invaluable opportunity to continuously improve the way the Scrum Team works together. The scrum master and the scrum team. As a result, a product’s delivery time shortens. Let’s explore some of the most essential scrum ceremonies (and how to adapt them to your team’s needs). He/she constantly communicates with developers with the aim to turn stakeholders’ ideas into epics and user stories. Create an environment where team members feel comfortable expressing their ideas, concerns, and feedback. This is further refined in the book Large-Scale Scrum: More with LeSS, by. Scrum combines four formal events for inspection and adaptation within a containing event, the Sprint. Summary: Agile scrum artifacts are information that a scrum team and stakeholders use to detail the product being developed, actions to produce it, and the actions performed during the project. Examine how the just-completed sprint went as far as people, relationships, processes, and tools. In order to play Planning Poker® the following is needed: The list of features to be estimated. These are also known as the Scrum ceremonies. It focuses on developing new software capability through 2-4 week sprints. This can be done by identifying and ordering the technical tasks that are likely to be involved. At a glance: The four agile ceremonies are Sprint Planning, Daily Stand-Up, Sprint Review and Sprint Retrospective. So, if the scrum master constantly takes leave or is not present for. Stay calm and focused during the exam: The exam can be. Review the sprint. 1. Details. Organizing and managing your Scrum rituals is much easier with the proper tools in place. Backlog refinement (formerly known as backlog grooming) is when the product owner and some, or all, of the rest of the team review items on the backlog to ensure the backlog contains the appropriate items, that they are prioritized, and that the items at the top of the backlog are ready for delivery. Here are some of the common Scrum interview questions you may encounter, as well as how you can answer them. It’s rather important to respect the format of this meeting as the key to an effective retrospective. Sprint planning assists a scrum team to prepare for an upcoming sprint and helps each team member perform their assigned duties. This is true,according to me. Agile is a philosophy. The purpose of the sprint retrospective is a scrum timeboxed meeting that takes place after the sprint review and before sprint planning. To estimate the Product Backlog, a customer or Product Owner reads the user stories or describes. The length of most scrum ceremonies relates to the length of. The sprint vision is what the scrum team comes up with when planning a sprint. Scrum Master: Roles and Responsibilities The Scrum. Participants and roles. When the meeting starts, Tia hands out the deck of cards to each estimator or each estimator opens the planning poker card app on their smartphones. " The Product Owner should attend, but should not participate. To all of the International Scrum Institute™ students, thank you for inspiring us, keeping us focused, and making sure we do our best to help you grow in your career with your skills and knowhow. Unlike in sport, scrum encourages you to be always sprinting so you can deliver working software. Much like a sports team practicing for a big match, Scrum practices allow teams to self-manage, learn from experience, and adapt to change. They are: Daily Scrum, Sprint Planning, Sprint Review and Sprint Retrospective. Iteration planning is a SAFe Scrum event where all team members determine how much of the Team Backlog they can commit to delivering during an upcoming Iteration. Understanding the “why” behind the Scrum framework can help Scrum teams improve their ability to deliver value to the organization. A good practice is to fill in the product backlog together with stakeholders. It is constantly evolving and is never complete. The purpose of the Daily Scrum is to inspect and synchronize the team's progress towards the Sprint Goal, discuss if anything impedes the team and re-plan the team's work to achieve the Sprint Goal. The top half of the diagram shows the first week of the sprint, and the bottom half shows the second week of the sprint. Instead, the Scrum Master serves the Team; A Scrum Master is a facilitator and Servant Leader who encourages and demands self-organization from the development team. The four basic kinds of these ceremonies are: 1. The key elements of Scrum are: Scrum Roles, Artifacts, and Ceremonies and together with some guidelines and rules. Scrum is best if you: Care about customer feedback and wish to make improvements accordingly. For example, holding the Sprint Retrospective for the previous Sprint after Sprint Planning for the next Sprint limits the team’s ability to adapt. By understanding them your team will be able to implement Agile principles. The I&A event consists of three sub-parts as below: PI System Demo. Include agenda in the invitation, add the user stories link which should be. It was included aiming to minimize the latest barriers caused in sprint planning. Pages 52. Continuous learning is happening to lead to successful delivery every time. Agile testing seeks to correct the rigidity rampant in traditional testing. It’s a special Scrum meeting for large. Let’s take a close look at these. Inspected elements often vary with. The Sprint is an event in itself that contains all the work and all the other events that happen during the timeboxed period of development. Iteration planning is the first event of the Iteration. Scrum should be used entirely (we do not tailor it). The Scrum framework is favored by many business teams, including software development, IT, and marketing. 3. The Scrum framework is the most popular approach to the broader Agile methodology that has dominated software development for the past two decades. This mission drives everything we do. Scrum teams are small. Prefer to make changes after. It however is adapted to fit into the framework and is usually broken into incremental testing efforts done on each increment in order to make apparent information (transparency) that is considered as needed (inspect) and included in future iterations of work (adapt). The Basics: Scrum to SAFe. As a servant leader, the Scrum Master guides the Developers towards self-organization and cross-functionality. Choose exactly three correct options. 5 out of 5107 reviews2. If we were to picture the scrum framework on a linear. Clear communication, flexibility, and cultural alignment are the keys to successful ceremonies. Here are some tips. The Scrum Guide defines a sprint review as an event to “inspect the outcome of the sprint and. Flower Girl (s), Ring Bearer (s) The Bride, with Escort (Father of the Bride) It’s important to note that by “traditional,” we mean it’s commonly seen and has been commonly practiced throughout the ages of weddings. This will become the scoring method your team will use to assign story points in your estimation meeting (more on that later). Tie your answer back to what you think is important in the Scrum process. Add detail (and more) to backlog items. You will then move into the execution phase when the team builds and tests the product, service or planned result. Details. Learn About the Sprint Retrospective Event. 1. Product Backlog refinement is the act of adding detail, estimates, and order to items in the Product Backlog. According to the Scrum guide, there are 4 distinct Scrum meetings that happen during each Sprint. The first Scrum was influenced by concepts from Goldratt's constraint theory and focus on muri, mura, and muda. 36. The Agile methodology is considered to be iterative in nature. The. Step 3. Log in Join. This spike will be added to the Sprint Backlog of the current Sprint. Kanban vs. Today, we will talk about the order of the events in Scrum. In the world of Agile, Scrum is the popular kid. Other sources provide patterns, processes, and insights that complement the Scrum framework. In order to make good observations, an empirical process has three pillars: Transparency, Inspection, and Adaptation. The quiz is comprised of 20 questions. If you take out any of the scrum ceremonies or radically modify them. It. Select the correct statement regarding the scrum master. The Scrum Guide recommends 10 or fewer total members to ensure optimal communication. Just as in agile planning, this is called the product. Scrum is: • Lightweight • Simple to understand • Difficult to master Scrum is a process framework that has been used to manage work on complex products sinceFor instance, we can have a ceremony to celebrate a significant accomplishment, discuss a change in strategy or review the results of a project. The sprint review meeting is a Scrum ceremony held at the end of a sprint. Scrum methodology recommends various meetings or check-ins, called ceremonies. 2. The Release/Program Increment Planning. Artifacts: Product backlog, sprint backlog, etc. Learn more. Study Resources. What are the 5 Scrum Ceremonies? Ready to unpack the five Scrum ceremonies and events? Let's get into their purpose, attendees, and tips and tricks to make them most effective. 3. The Scrum methodology was the first into the fray when software developers started looking for new ways to work. 4. Retrospective and problem-solving workshop. This supports the concept of working iteratively. Daily Scrum. 2. Sprint retrospective Of special note, every single one of these. The Three Scrum Artifacts. Solutions available. These meetings, or ceremonies, provide a flexible approach to improving ongoing project delivery. These meetings, or ceremonies, provide a flexible approach to improving ongoing project delivery. A sprint retrospective usually takes place the day after a sprint finishes or immediately following a sprint review. No surprise here. What is scrumban? Scrum and kanban are two very popular agile methodologies. The three pillars of Scrum (transparency, inspection, and adaptation) are applied for productive improvement. Five Scrum events are held during a sprint, including the Sprint, Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Sprint Review, and Sprint Retrospective. These discussions are not to find fault but to share the status of the project. First, the entire program is iterative. Catholic Wedding Ceremony Order. Structure: The Developers decide how they want to run it. The scrum process is often termed as a rinse. Before starting a planning poker session, distribute a full sequence of cards to every person who is participating in the estimation exercise, and you’re ready to get going. Individuals and Interactions Over Processes and Tools. These Scrum roles are often different from official job titles, meaning that the development team, for example, can be comprised of testers, designers, programmers, and more. Sprint 1 Planning 4. 5. Scrum consists of the following roles: Product Owner, Scrum Master, Development Team. " Typically, they fall into one of three broad categories:. In order for the retrospective to be effective, the team needs to be able to have open and honest communication. Scrum teams decide on which items of the list will be addressed first, and the. These events are also called ceremonies. Tip 1: Don’t Skip the Retrospective. There are five Scrum events (the. Sprint review. The first step to facilitate remote scrum events and ceremonies is to choose the right tools that suit your team's needs and preferences. Each Scrum ceremony has a specific purpose that furthers the overall goals of the project. Answer: 1. Each of these sprint. The order of events in Scrum matters. You’ll want to enlist some ushers for your big day. In this tutorial, we discussed some of the best practices for Scrum, including setting clear objectives, promoting peer-to-peer collaboration, and continually improving performance. Some Scrum teams also use timeboxing during a Sprint to concretely define open-ended tasks. You can access performance metrics, assign action items, monitor progress, and keep all your files and data in one centralized location. Sprint planning is the first Scrum ceremony — it prepares the team for. Today, we will talk about the order of the events in Scrum. The order of events in Scrum matters. Ceremonies in agile facilitate visibility, transparency, and collaboration. Step #1: Tia schedules a planning poker session and circulates potential user stories to be included in the next sprint with the team. By the way the. They provide regular opportunities for enacting the Scrum pillars of Inspection, Adaptation and Transparency. Central to the scrum framework are the scrum ceremonies, which are structured events designed to foster effective communication, collaboration, and decision-making. Participants: The Daily Scrum is the only event that is self-managed by the Developers. The Scrum ceremonies are designed to help increase transparency and effectiveness in the team. PI planning is a significant event that requires preparation, coordination, and communication. These scrum ceremonies are four different types of agile meetings that are meant to ensure the proper execution of each sprint, leading to a successful project delivery. Agile Scrum ceremonies are time-boxed meetings that occur during a sprint to achieve a particular purpose for that event. The sprint 2. The purpose of sprint planning is to define what can be delivered in the sprint and how that work will be achieved. The Scrum ceremonies are the events that take place within the Scrum framework. The time box for Scrum Events is directly proportional to the length of the Sprint. However, if you fail to manage the timing Scrum ceremonies properly, you risk they become an overwhelming presence in. During the sprints, the Scrum team focuses on developing the most important features first in order to come up with a potentially. The Nexus Guide says “The number, frequency, duration and attendance of Refinement is based on the dependencies and uncertainty inherent in the Product Backlog. Two to three questions from each category will provide more than enough ground for an engaging 60 minute-long conversation with. Every single sprint has a fixed duration. A product backlog is a prioritized list of work for the development team that is derived from the roadmap and its requirements. “With scrum, a product is built in a series of iterations called sprints that break down. 5. Scrum is based on short iterations, typically 2-3 weeks, in which the development team together with the Product Owner and Scrum Master deliver the slice of the product backlog. A sprint is a short, time-boxed period when a scrum team works to complete a set amount of work. Scrum employs an iterative, incremental approach to optimize predictability and to control risk. The four Scrum ceremonies are:. Ceremonies in Scrum Cycle. What are the Scrum events in order? The ceremonies of Scrum order as follows: Sprint planning; Sprint review; Sprint retrospective; Daily scrum; While these are. Scrum’s primary objective is to satisfy the customer’s need. The program-level ceremonies will include various agile teams of 5-12 members each and there will be different members in these safe agile ceremonies. From an early age, we’ve been taught to “THINK BIG” in order to set a high bar to realize our full potential and to be successful in the goals that we set out to achieve. 1. Retrospective meeting. Design: The critical design phase is when you’ll plan what the final product will look like and what steps your team needs to take to get there. The Daily Scrum is a 15-minute time-boxed event for the Development Team. Scrum ceremonies are 5 specific events that happen in each iteration, during which the Scrum Team delivers a product Increment. Some of them come from scrum, but can be applied to lean or kanban agile teams as well. Sprint planning. Product Backlog items that can be Done by the Scrum Team within one Sprint are deemed ready for selection in a Sprint Planning event. Story points are units of measure for expressing an estimate of the overall effort required to fully implement a product backlog item or any other piece of work. Output: An adapted Sprint Backlog, if necessary. Each scrum event thus helps achieve the overall goal of product development. Scrum is empirical in that it provides a means for teams to establish a hypothesis of how they think something works, try it. One commonly used method during the estimation process is to play Planning Poker® (also called Scrum Poker). Each meeting, both the sprint retrospective and review, has its clear purpose and agenda. Development completes for the Sprint 6. With Scrum, you can schedule and plan sprints, update your taskboard, and monitor your sprint burndown. 4. 2. It describes a set of meetings, tools, and roles for efficient project delivery. Scrum board is organized around a single cross-functional team. These items and their tasks become the sprint backlog. The following artifacts are defined in Scrum Process Framework -. When working in a scrum framework there are a number of things you can do to get the most out of it. Events At Various Levels 1. These events enable transparency on the project progress to all who are involved in the project. Set workshops with stakeholders to form product backlog and product vision. 1. Output: An adapted Sprint Backlog, if necessary. The RTE must schedule all PI planning in advance to be well. And much more. Our exploration of the Scrum Framework and its. The project is divided into time-boxed tasks called sprints. Sprint planning is an event in scrum that kicks off the sprint. It features scrum tools like user story map, product backlog management, sprint backlog management, task management, daily scrum meeting, sprint planning tool, sprint review tool, sprint retrospective tool, burndown, impediment,. 3. In Scrum, there are three roles: Product Owner, Development Team, and Scrum Master. When you hold a daily standup for example, you do so in order for the team to coordinate their work in the sprint. Every Scrum ceremony has a clear purpose, and together, the Scrum events provide teams with a framework to set expectations, collaborate efficiently, and get their work done in a well-structured manner. There are four official Scrum ceremonies: Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Sprint Review, and Sprint Retrospective. It’s a team-based approach but, unlike traditional testing, it’s interactive and dynamic. These ceremonies. The standard duration of the session ranges from 1 to 4 hours depending on the Scrum sprint length. In this article, we’ll take a deep dive into the purpose of each Scrum artifact. 5 from 1 rating. Add detail (and more) to backlog items. They help teams stay agile — quickly adapting to changing. Hi Guys, Can you validate if my understanding about the sequence of events below is correct? Please feel free to add. The scrum methodology emphasizes teamwork in project management. The Scrum of Scrums, or meta scrum, is a standup meeting that brings together multiple teams that are working cross-functionally on a complex product. The scrum board is a tool, but if you don’t know how to use it then it’s not going to be effective. That means, in a project, every scrum event has a predefined maximum duration. See moreSprint planning. The importance of ensuring small tasks help fulfill a larger vision. Daily Scrum Ceremony. Stages of the Scrum sprint cycle. 3. 1. Different Scrum interview questions may pop up during your interview. Scrum. Participants: The Daily Scrum is the only event that is self-managed by the Developers. Scrum Meetings – an Overview. For every correct answer, you can score 1 mark. To learn more about. Four scrum ceremonies 30 meetings or ceremonies are. Other sources provide patterns, processes, and insights that complement the Scrum framework. 2. Step 4. These tools are useful for implementing Scrum practices. It helps teams develop and deliver complex products through transparency, inspection, and adaptation, at scale. As you have probably already seen, Scrum is a complex and strict methodology with a lot of rules and a highly specific framework that teams must adhere to. The Ultimate Scrum Events Course & Practical Scrum ExamplesComprehensive Scrum Events Training with Practical Examples of Scrum Events, Timeboxing, and Purposes of Scrum EventsRating: 4. adding new work to the Product Backlog that needs to be done to the product and remove redundant work. Bonsy Yelsangi is a Certified Scrum Trainer® (CST) and an agile coach with 17 years of experience. Sprint. It can be very useful to know when the team can proceed working on new design if the key expert is temporarily out of office. Being a form of Agile, Scrum is same as that of the Agile. Second, once you’re in a Sprint, you use unrelenting focus to finish everything you set out to do, quickly. It’s particularly successful when all high-performing scrum team members work towards a common. The participants in these are- Business Owners, Release Train Engineers (RTE), System Architects/Engineers, and Product Managers. Sprint Planning. The Sprint. By modeling, you can find virtuous loops and you can also find. The Scrum ceremonies are the execution steps involved from planning a sprint to delivering a fully executed project, on time and on budget. She has helped organizations and individuals attain agility in industries including media, remote managed services, luxury real estate. Every single sprint has a fixed duration. Your Sprints tools include a filtered backlog based on an Iteration Path and a similarly filtered taskboard. Sprint Planning; Daily Scrum; Sprint Review; Sprint Retrospective; Each of these meetings has a specific purpose, time frame, and attendees in order to maximize value. (Scrum is both the name of an Agile framework and the name of a daily event on many Agile teams. In our other articles, we have discussed 3 Roles and 3 Artifacts in Scrum. Scrum is adaptive, rather than predictive. All events are time-boxed, such that every event has a maximum duration. There are three key roles in Scrum: the product owner, the Scrum master, and the Scrum team. Planning Poker is an Agile planning and estimating technique. Daily Scrum. Incremental means that they deliver it in small packets of end-to-end functionality. This guide delves deep into the five scrum ceremonies, offering insights into their significance and best practices. They usually take the form of meetings, and they exist to keep team members organized. Add a new animation to the drop-down menu is 2 story. PO always allows the team members to choose a number of PBIs to do in one Sprint. Clearly, skipping either of these events would drastically hinder improvement, learning, and growth opportunities. Sprint Planning. Both of these. Answer : A Scrum Team will create the deliverables of the project. Daily scrum. Certain types of Scrum events will take place during specific times in the development process. The prescribed time-boxes based on a sprint of 1 month are:We create Epics early in the project life cycle and the Scrum Team will break them down into smaller pieces of work, called User Stories. When the first piece of work is described to the group, the members have an opportunity to ask questions and clarify the requirements. When practicing scrum, the sprint planning meeting is held at the beginning. Scrum is an agile team collaboration framework commonly used in software development and other industries. The Scrum Ceremonies are: The Daily Scrum (Stand-up) Meeting; The Planning Ceremony; The Sprint Review / Demonstration Meeting; The Sprint Retrospective Meeting; Image source: Alexas Fotos. Restart is analog to the closure of a sprint and the start of a new sprint. This openness fosters collaboration, drives innovation, and helps the team adapt swiftly to changing circumstances. The Sprint Retrospective meeting can occur at any time as the Scrum Team chooses but again operational realities tend to mean it occurs towards the end of the Sprint. Value comes from the dialogue rather than just from individual statements. Planning poker is done with story points, ideal days, or any other estimating units. " Even. Generally, user stories get estimated during the grooming meeting and the scrum master estimates the tasks for those user stories along with the other team members before going to the planning meeting with the product owner. A sprint retrospective meeting is a formal gathering of Scrum teams and stakeholders to go over a previous sprint. Scrum is a framework, not a cake recipe to follow where if you add less of an ingredient, it won’t turn out as good. A Scrum Team determines when to extend or reduce the Sprint length throughout a project. There are Five events in Agile Scrum Framework. Scrum is an agile methodology that can be applied to nearly any project; however, it is most commonly used in software development. 1. Scrum and Kanban are frameworks of the Agile methodology. This resulting plan is created by the collaborative work of the entire Scrum team. Scrum masterScrum is a lightweight, agile framework with a predefined set of rules and roles to guide software projects. In terms of Sprint Planning, it should last 2 times the length of the sprint (in hours). All Scrum Team members attend, including the Scrum Master, Developers and the. Sprint retrospective for Sprint 1 The Five Agile Scrum Ceremonies. The primary focus of an Agile ceremony is to increase communication within an Agile or Scrum team to ensure everyone is on the same page. The most common artifacts and methods are: Scrum board: You can visualize your sprint backlog with a Scrum task board. The Scrum Master encourages, supports and enables the team to reach their full potential and abilities. Kanban is a leaner approach with fewer rules and a simpler framework. 4. A sprint is a set length of time that repeats. This results in identifying concrete areas for improvement to be implemented during the next sprint. 1. ordering the work in the Product Backlog so that the goals of the Scrum Team and the organization are best achieved. To achieve all this, the Scrum Master should make conscious decisions about removing impediments. Adhere to Agile Scrum Ceremonies. The Scrum Master stays responsible to eliminate the obstacle between. Create a recursive calendar invitation include all team members including development and QA. The sprint planning Scrum ceremony is a collaborative. Make sure you understand the difference between "right" and "best" answers and choose the most appropriate answer for the given scenario.